HAMs within 5 miles of N9TPB · Extra class operators in Madison, WI · or try N9TPB · K9* wildcards · Smith, John · 0004797601 (FRN) · 53703 · Madison, WI · old CB calls like KHC1939 or 18Q3518 (1962–63 CB call books) · (205) 546-1767 (1990s CB directory phones)📬 QSL: no LoTW uploads on record · not eQSL AG · QRZ · HamQTH
Currently held by ERICK S SHAFFER · 1 holder on record
Held N3PSF Jul 20, 1993 → present · first licensed Jul 20, 1993 as N3PSF · 1 license · FRN 0007780067
No APRS positions, PSK Reporter reports or WSPR spots for N3PSF in the last 24 hours. They show up here within seconds of N3PSF beaconing on APRS, being heard on FT8, FT4 and other digital modes, or sending a WSPR beacon.
132 repeaters within 50 miles of this address, closest first · sort: closest · most active · map these & export for a radio →
| Miles | Call | Name | Output | Offset | Tone | Mode | Networks | Activity | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.1 | KC3FOQ | Leonardtown Fair KC3FOQ |
443.3000 | +5 | TONE 123.0 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | 🗓 2 nets | 2 nets · 13 check-ins · 10 stations | Leonardtown, MD |
| 2.1 | KC3FOQ | Leonardtown Fair KC3FOQ |
147.3900 | +0.6 | TONE 146.2 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | 🗓 2 nets | 2 nets · 13 check-ins · 10 stations | Leonardtown, MD |
| 4.5 | N3PPH | Hollywood Fire N3PPH |
145.3500 | -0.6 | TONE 156.7 | FM (analog) | — | Hollywood, MD | |
| 5.2 | W3BPT | Hollywood W3BPT Interstate |
146.8500 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-3 | — | Hollywood, MD |
| 6.6 | KB2SKP | Lexington Park KB2SKP WIRES-X |
445.2500 | -5 | DG-ID 00-00 | Fusion (C4FM) | WIRES-X 74906 | — | Lexington Park, MD |
| 6.7 | K3GGM | Hollywood K3GGM BM |
446.5000 | -5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 3211901 | — | Hollywood, MD |
| 7.0 | N3PPH | Mechanicsville N3PPH Interstate |
441.7875 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-2 | — | Mechanicsville, MD |
| 9.8 | N3KUN | Chaptico N3KUN |
145.2500 | -0.6 | TONE 110.9 | FM (analog) | — | Chaptico, MD | |
| 11.2 | W1JD | Mechanicsville W1JD BM |
439.8750 | -5 | CC8 | DMR | BrandMeister 3124132 | — | Mechanicsville, MD |
| 11.5 | K3CAL | Lusby Appeal K3CAL EchoLink |
444.9500 | +5 | TSQL 156.7 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | EchoLink 389207 🗓 1 net | 1 net | Lusby, MD |
| 11.9 | N3PX | Mechanicsville N3PX |
147.1950 | +0.6 | TSQL 156.7 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 42 check-ins · 13 stations | Mechanicsville, MD |
| 13.3 | KB2SKP | Lexington Park KB2SKP BM |
446.0125 | in 433.0125 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 314491901 | — | Lexington Park, MD |
| 14.1 | K3HKI | Lexington Park K3HKI |
146.6400 | -0.6 | TSQL 146.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 3 nets | 3 nets · 109 check-ins · 44 stations | Lexington Park, MD |
| 14.6 | K3OCM | Charlotte Hall K3OCM K4USD-Net |
443.1875 | +5 | CC6 | DMR | K4USD-Net | — | Charlotte Hall, MD |
| 15.8 | W3SMD | Barstow W3SMD AllStar |
223.9000 | -1.6 | TONE 186.2 | FM (analog) | AllStar 513100 | — | Barstow, MD |
| 15.9 | N3FI | Barstow N3FI |
443.7000 | +5 | TSQL 179.9 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | — | Barstow, MD | |
| 16.6 | N3PPH | Prince Frederick N3PPH Interstate |
441.3875 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-3 | — | Prince Frederick, MD |
| 18.2 | W3PQS | Prince Frederick W3PQS |
53.1700 | -1 | TSQL 100.0 | FM (analog) | — | Prince Frederick, MD | |
| 18.9 | KF4AH | Montross KF4AH |
146.8950 | -0.6 | TSQL 110.9 | FM (analog) | — | Montross, VA | |
| 20.7 | N3LHD | Aquasco N3LHD Interstate |
442.4625 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-c-Bridge-1 | — | Aquasco, MD |
| 20.9 | K6XH | Callao K6XH BM |
443.0875 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 314364 | — | Callao, VA |
| 21.1 | N3PZZ | Dahlgren Potomac N3PZZ |
145.2500 | -0.6 | TONE 88.5 | FM (analog) | — | Dahlgren, VA | |
| 22.4 | N3PZZ | King George Dahl N3PZZ |
145.3300 | -0.6 | TONE 88.5 | FM (analog) | — | King George, VA | |
| 23.5 | WG3K | Chesapeake Beach WG3K BM |
444.3500 | +5 | none | D-STAR (DMR,DV) | BrandMeister 312393 | — | Chesapeake Beach, MD |
| 25.0 | KC8VFN | King George Locu KC8VFN |
146.7750 | -0.6 | TSQL 110.9 | FM (analog) | — | King George, VA | |
| 26.1 | N3PPH | Sunderland Mt N3PPH Interstate |
441.6375 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-2 | — | Sunderland, MD |
| 26.2 | K3CAL | Sunderland K3CAL EchoLink |
146.9850 | -0.6 | TONE 156.7 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | EchoLink 389207 🗓 1 net | 1 net | Sunderland, MD |
| 27.6 | W4NNK | Heathsville W4NNK |
147.3300 | +0.6 | TONE 100.0 | FM (analog) | — | Heathsville, VA | |
| 30.2 | WA3YUV | Brandywine WA3YUV |
443.6000 | +5 | TSQL 103.5 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | — | Brandywine, MD | |
| 31.0 | W4KGC | King George W4KGC |
146.7450 | -0.6 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | King George, VA | |
| 31.0 | K4GVA | King George K4GVA |
448.4750 | -5 | TONE 79.7 | FM (analog) | — | King George, VA | |
| 31.3 | W3SMR | Brandywine W3SMR |
147.1500 | +0.6 | TSQL 114.8 | FM (analog) | — | Brandywine, MD | |
| 35.6 | KC3BFB | Fort KC3BFB |
146.7150 | -0.6 | TONE 110.9 | FM (analog) | — | Fort Washington, MD | |
| 38.5 | K3EMD | Easton K3EMD WIRES-X |
147.0450 | +0.6 | TSQL 156.7 | FM (analog) | WIRES-X 43142 | — | Easton, MD |
| 38.5 | K4MMJ | Fredericksb FMl8 K4MMJ BM |
433.1000 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 317511602 | — | Fredericksburg, FMl8, VA |
| 40.1 | N3YMS | Trappe N3YMS Interstate |
442.5375 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate | — | Trappe, MD |
| 41.5 | WD4HRO | Woodbridge WD4HRO |
1293.0000 | -20 | none | D-STAR | — | Woodbridge, VA | |
| 41.5 | K3ERA | District Heights K3ERA EchoLink |
145.2300 | -0.6 | TSQL 110.9 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | EchoLink 294165 🗓 2 nets | 2 nets · 52 check-ins · 19 stations | District Heights, MD |
| 41.6 | W4NNK | Kilmarnock W4NNK |
146.8350 | -0.6 | TONE 100.0 | FM (analog) | — | Kilmarnock, VA | |
| 41.7 | W4ATN | Largo W4ATN MARC |
443.7875 | +5 | CC3 | DMR | DMR-MARC | — | Largo, MD |
| 41.9 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH DMRVA |
442.4125 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 41.9 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
927.6000 | -25 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 41.9 | N4FRS | Alexandria N4FRS |
449.3750 | -5 | TONE 203.5 | FM (analog) (FM,DV) | — | Alexandria, VA | |
| 41.9 | N4FRS | Alexandria N4FRS |
1283.2000 | -12 | TSQL 203.5 | FM (analog) (FM,DV) | — | Alexandria, VA | |
| 41.9 | W3VPR | Davidsonville W3VPR |
147.1050 | +0.6 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 5 nets | 5 nets · 631 check-ins · 83 stations | Davidsonville, MD |
| 41.9 | W3VPR | Davidsonville W3VPR |
223.8800 | -1.6 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 5 nets | 5 nets · 631 check-ins · 83 stations | Davidsonville, MD |
| 41.9 | W3VPR | Davidsonville W3VPR |
444.4000 | +5 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 5 nets | 5 nets · 631 check-ins · 83 stations | Davidsonville, MD |
| 42.0 | KA4DCS | Woodbridge Potom KA4DCS |
444.8500 | +5 | none | FM (analog) | — | Woodbridge, VA | |
| 42.1 | N3MRG | Tyaskin Muddy N3MRG |
146.8650 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | — | Tyaskin, MD | |
| 42.2 | N3LHD | Upper Marlboro N3LHD Interstate |
444.6500 | +5 | CC6 | DMR | Interstate-c-Bridge-1 | — | Upper Marlboro, MD |
| 42.6 | K4US | Alexandria GW K4US |
146.6550 | -0.6 | TSQL 141.3 | FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) | — | Alexandria, VA | |
| 42.6 | W4GSF | Kilmarnock Fire W4GSF |
145.4500 | -0.6 | none | FM (analog) | — | Kilmarnock, VA | |
| 42.7 | W4GSF | Kilmarnock W4GSF |
146.8350 | -0.6 | TONE 173.8 | FM (analog) | — | Kilmarnock, VA | |
| 42.7 | AE4ML | Bowling Gre SRMC AE4ML |
442.5750 | +5 | TSQL 79.7 | FM (analog) (DMR,FM,P25) | — | Bowling Green, VA | |
| 43.3 | KQ4TNV | Stafford KQ4TNV WIRES-X |
145.7850 | simplex | Fusion (C4FM) | WIRES-X 99012 | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 43.3 | KQ4TNV | Stafford KQ4TNV BM |
446.4125 | -5 | none | D-STAR (C4FM,DMR,DV) | BrandMeister 314452 | — | Stafford, VA |
| 43.3 | W3HAC | Washington W3HAC |
444.1625 | +5 | CC0 | DMR | — | Washington, DC | |
| 43.5 | N3JLT | Alexandria N3JLT Interstate |
443.1000 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 89 check-ins · 45 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 44.1 | K3EMD | Easton URM Ctr K3EMD WIRES-X |
442.2000 | +5 | TSQL 156.7 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | WIRES-X 33142 | — | Easton, MD |
| 44.2 | KR4KMS | Stafford KR4KMS BM |
449.5000 | -5 | CC7 | DMR | BrandMeister 322289401 | — | Stafford, VA |
| 44.6 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
145.3800 | -0.6 | none | D-STAR | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 44.6 | W4HFH | Alexandria Hosp W4HFH |
442.0600 | +5 | none | D-STAR | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 44.6 | W4HFH | Alexandria Hosp W4HFH |
1284.6000 | -12 | none | D-STAR | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.0 | W4TTL | Walkerton W4TTL |
146.7150 | -0.6 | none | FM (analog) | — | Walkerton, VA | |
| 45.1 | W3NAB | Washington W3NAB AllStar |
442.7000 | +5 | TONE 103.5 | FM (analog) | AllStar 53645 | — | Washington, DC |
| 45.1 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
53.1300 | -1 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.1 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
147.3150 | +0.6 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.1 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
224.8200 | -1.6 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.1 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
444.6000 | +5 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.1 | W4HFH | Alexandria W4HFH |
1282.6000 | -12 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net · 34 check-ins · 18 stations | Alexandria, VA |
| 45.3 | W1ZFB | Fredericksburg W1ZFB AllStar |
51.8600 | -0.5 | TONE 127.3 | FM (analog) | AllStar 42839 EchoLink 303832 | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 45.3 | AE4ML | Fredericksburg AE4ML DMRVA |
442.8500 | +5 | TSQL 79.7 | FM (analog) (DMR,FM,P25) | DMRVA | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 45.4 | K0BMM | Arlington K0BMM BM |
447.3125 | -5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 322315305 | — | Arlington, VA |
| 45.5 | N8HM | Arlington N8HM BM |
438.4500 | -5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 311101701 | — | Arlington, VA |
| 45.9 | K3VOA | Washington Wilbu K3VOA AllStar |
147.0450 | +0.6 | TSQL 77.0 | FM (analog) | AllStar 23918 | — | Washington, DC |
| 46.0 | W4IY | Woodbridge W4IY AllStar |
147.2400 | +0.6 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | AllStar 52951 EchoLink 615284 | — | Woodbridge, VA |
| 46.0 | W4IY | Woodbridge W4IY |
224.7800 | -1.6 | none | FM (analog) | — | Woodbridge, VA | |
| 46.0 | W4IY | Woodbridge W4IY WIRES-X |
444.9000 | +5 | TSQL 127.3 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | WIRES-X 73418 | — | Woodbridge, VA |
| 46.1 | K3WS | Washington K3WS AllStar |
443.3750 | -5 | TONE 123.0 | FM (analog) | AllStar 27701 | — | Washington, DC |
| 46.1 | K3WS | Washington K3WS AllStar |
447.3750 | -5 | TONE 123.0 | FM (analog) | AllStar 27701 | — | Washington, DC |
| 46.4 | WA3RF | Cheverly WA3RF AllStar |
441.0000 | +5 | TONE 173.8 | FM (analog) | AllStar 57512 | — | Cheverly, MD |
| 46.5 | WX4EMC | Fredericksburg WX4EMC DMRVA |
442.4000 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 46.7 | AE4ML | Spotsylvania AE4ML DMRVA |
442.4000 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | BrandMeister 310747 DMRVA | — | Spotsylvania, VA |
| 46.7 | N8RAT | Fredericksburg N8RAT DMRVA |
442.1125 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 46.7 | WS4VA | Stafford WS4VA |
145.3200 | -0.6 | none | D-STAR | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 46.7 | WS4VA | Stafford WS4VA |
147.3750 | +0.6 | TSQL 79.7 | FM (analog) | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 46.7 | WS4VA | Stafford WS4VA WIRES-X |
444.4500 | +5 | Fusion (C4FM) | WIRES-X 54540 | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 46.7 | WS4VA | Stafford WS4VA |
447.2750 | -5 | none | D-STAR | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 46.7 | WS4VA | Stafford WS4VA |
1282.2000 | -12 | none | D-STAR | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 46.9 | W3OR | Crisfield McCrea W3OR |
145.1300 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | — | Crisfield, MD | |
| 46.9 | W3HAC | Washington W3HAC |
147.3600 | +0.6 | CC1 | DMR | — | Washington, DC | |
| 46.9 | W3HAC | Washington W3HAC |
1283.1000 | -12 | none | D-STAR | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.0 | W3AGB | Washington W3AGB DMRVA |
444.1625 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA | — | Washington, DC |
| 47.0 | W3AGB | Washington W3AGB K4USD |
147.3600 | +0.6 | CC1 | DMR | K4USD | — | Washington, DC |
| 47.0 | W3AGB | Washington W3AGB |
1283.1000 | -12 | none | D-STAR | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.2 | W3DOS | Washington Harry W3DOS |
145.1900 | -0.6 | TONE 151.4 | FM (analog) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.2 | N3RKT | Crisfield N3RKT WIRES-X |
145.1100 | -0.6 | TSQL 156.7 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | WIRES-X 30213 | — | Crisfield, MD |
| 47.3 | K3FBI | Quantico K3FBI |
147.3450 | +0.6 | TONE 167.9 | FM (analog) (FM,P25) | — | Quantico, VA | |
| 47.3 | K3FBI | Quantico K3FBI |
443.5500 | +5 | TONE 167.9 | P25 | — | Quantico, VA | |
| 47.3 | KB3CMA | Annapolis Broad KB3CMA Interstat |
441.8375 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate-3 | — | Annapolis, MD |
| 47.4 | KB3CMA | Annapolis Broad KB3CMA |
442.3000 | +5 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) | — | Annapolis, MD | |
| 47.4 | W1ZFB | Fred Four Mile F W1ZFB AllStar |
927.0375 | -25 | TSQL 91.5 | FM (analog) | AllStar 41631 | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 47.4 | KC3DVC | Crisfield KC3DVC Interstat |
145.1300 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | Interstate | — | Crisfield, MD |
| 47.4 | K3GMR | Bladensburg K3GMR EchoLink |
146.6100 | -0.6 | TSQL 77.0 | FM (analog) | EchoLink 796114 | — | Bladensburg, MD |
| 47.5 | WX4EMC | Frederic Cosners WX4EMC DMRVA |
145.3000 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA | — | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 47.7 | KA3LAO | Washington KA3LAO |
145.1100 | -0.6 | CC1 | DMR | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.7 | W3DCA | Washington W3DCA |
147.2700 | +0.6 | TONE 100.0 | FM (analog) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.7 | N3ADV | Washington N3ADV |
447.1750 | -5 | TONE 156.7 | FM (analog) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 47.9 | KN4ANG | Burke KN4ANG IRLP |
448.3000 | simplex | TSQL 110.9 | FM (analog) | IRLP 4048 | — | Burke, VA |
| 48.0 | WB4MJF | Arlington WB4MJF |
145.1500 | -0.6 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | W4WVP | Arlington W4WVP |
145.4700 | -0.6 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | WA4HIS | Arlington WA4HIS |
224.0600 | -1.6 | none | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | W4CIA | Arlington W4CIA |
441.4500 | +5 | TONE 110.9 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | AB4YP | Arlington AB4YP |
443.2000 | +5 | TSQL 114.8 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | K4AF | Arlington K4AF |
444.5500 | +5 | TONE 88.5 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | W4AVA | Arlington W4AVA |
448.6250 | -5 | TONE 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | W4WVP | Arlington W4WVP |
449.3250 | -5 | TONE 151.4 | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 48.0 | WA4EKJ | Arlington WA4EKJ |
224.6200 | -1.6 | none | FM (analog) | — | Arlington, VA | |
| 49.0 | K3ERA | Lanham DC Hosp K3ERA |
447.3250 | -5 | TONE 110.9 | FM (analog) | 🗓 2 nets | 2 nets · 52 check-ins · 19 stations | Lanham, MD |
| 49.2 | W4AVA | Falls Church W4AVA |
146.6250 | -0.6 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | Falls Church, VA | |
| 49.2 | W4AVA | Falls Church W4AVA |
447.6250 | -5 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | — | Falls Church, VA | |
| 49.3 | W3VPR | Crownsville W3VPR EchoLink |
147.0750 | +0.6 | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | EchoLink 524902 🗓 5 nets | 5 nets · 631 check-ins · 83 stations | Crownsville, MD |
| 49.7 | K4TS | Fred Chancellor K4TS |
147.0150 | +0.6 | TSQL 79.7 | FM (analog) | 🗓 1 net | 1 net | Fredericksburg, VA |
| 49.8 | K4TS | Fred Chancellor K4TS |
443.8500 | +5 | TSQL 79.7 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | — | Fredericksburg, VA | |
| 4.4 | KB3FWW Offline | Hollywood KB3FWW IRLP |
449.4900 | simplex | TSQL 146.2 | FM (analog) | IRLP 8856 | — | Hollywood, MD |
| 28.0 | WX4EMC Offline | Heathsville WCNV WX4EMC DMRVA |
442.7000 | +5 | CC1 | DMR | DMRVA | — | Heathsville, VA |
| 40.9 | W7DQ Offline | Widewater W7DQ IRLP |
446.9250 | simplex | TSQL 107.2 | FM (analog) | IRLP 3510 | — | Widewater, VA |
| 43.3 | WU5MC Offline | Stafford WU5MC |
442.4875 | +5 | none | D-STAR | — | Stafford, VA | |
| 45.9 | K3VOA Offline | Washington Wilbu K3VOA |
448.5750 | -5 | TSQL 77.0 | FM (analog) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 46.9 | K3MRC Offline | Washington K3MRC |
145.4300 | -0.6 | TSQL 114.8 | FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 46.9 | KC3VO Offline | Washington KC3VO |
448.8750 | -5 | none | FM (analog) | — | Washington, DC | |
| 49.8 | W3XJ Offline | Bowie W3XJ |
442.1500 | +5 | none | FM (analog) | — | Bowie, MD |