N9TPB FCC License Search
🕒 FCC license data updated today 7:15 am CDT (FCC files through Oct 6, 2026) · next update today 8:30 am CDT
Ask: HAMs within 5 miles of N9TPB · Extra class operators in Madison, WI · or try N9TPB · K9* wildcards · Smith, John · 0004797601 (FRN) · 53703 · Madison, WI

N0FUC HAM 📻 GMRS

📻
Also a GMRS licensee
WRQT796
Active until May 10, 2032 · same FCC Registration Number (FRN) · GMRS covers the licensee's immediate family
General class licensed since 2022 (4 yrs) N0FUC since 2023 · previously KE8VDQ Elmore, OH grid EN81il GMRS WRQT796 141 repeaters within 50 mi
🔒 Not available — currently licensed, through Apr 18, 2033. If it isn't renewed, it opens for vanity requests Apr 19, 2035.

📬 QSL: no LoTW uploads on record · not eQSL AG · QRZ · HamQTH

📝 N0FUC has filed vanity applications before — latest filed Mar 29, 2023 · what was requested

Currently held by Walter E Merrow Jr · 1 holder on record

Current holder: Walter E Merrow Jr

Held N0FUC Apr 18, 2023 → present · first licensed Jun 17, 2022 as KE8VDQ · 2 licenses · FRN 0032370553

Address history
From FCC database snapshots (2004 → now). "Seen" dates are the first and last snapshot showing that address.

Vanity applications filed by N0FUC

Calls this licensee has asked the FCC for, newest first, in their order of preference. The FCC processes applications 18 days after filing; "likely award" is our estimate from every pending application in filing order.

Filed · AwardApplicantRequested (in order)Status
Filed Mar 29, 2023
Granted Apr 18, 2023
0010479332
 KE8VDQ · Walter E Merrow Jr · General
19491 St Rt 51, Elmore, OH 43416
41.4954, -83.3108 (street) · Grid EN81il · CQ 4 · ITU 8 · map ↗
4.N0FUC ✓ granted
10.NO1SHT
11.N0GOV held by DAVID M ALEXANDER until Jul 31, 2035
12.NO1FUK
13.NO2FJB
14.NO2PEE
15.N0FJB
16.WE2OLD held by Terry L Schultz until Mar 12, 2034
17.WE2BIG
18.WE2FUN
19.NO1FUN
20.WE3GUN
Granted
got N0FUC

Others requesting N0FUC

3 applications listed N0FUC as a choice, newest first.

FiledAwardApplicantChoice #N0FUCResult
Mar 29, 2023 Apr 16, 2023 KE8VDQ · Walter E Merrow Jr · Elmore, OH 4Granted Granted this call
Sep 18, 2012 Oct 6, 2012 KK4LOD · John M Peterson · Delray Beach, FL 2Not granted They got W1GNL (choice 1)
Jun 7, 2000 Jun 25, 2000 KC7PJV · ROBERT H GRAHAM · TUCSON, AZ 14Not granted They got N0BUM (choice 1)

📡 On the air: APRS, digital & WSPR spots

No APRS positions, PSK Reporter reports or WSPR spots for N0FUC in the last 24 hours. They show up here within seconds of N0FUC beaconing on APRS, being heard on FT8, FT4 and other digital modes, or sending a WSPR beacon.

📻 GMRS repeaters within 50 miles

6 on the air or of unknown status, closest first · map these & export for a GMRS radio →

MilesChannelOutputTone inOwnerLocationAccessStatus
16RP16462.575186.2 WRHX862 Toledo, OH · Central Toledo OpenOn the air
16RP18462.625— WSEJ754 Toledo, OH ClosedOn the air
31RP20462.675141.3 WQZF437 Sandusky, OH · Garden District OpenOn the air
37RP17462.600100.0 WRJV667 Findlay, OH OpenOn the air
39RP22462.725141.3 WRKG592 Huron, OH OpenOn the air
44RP16462.575141.3 WRMB632 Brownstown, MI OpenOn the air

Repeaters within 50 miles

141 repeaters within 50 miles of this address, most active first · sort: closest · most active · map these & export for a radio →

● confirmed on the air · ● probably · ● reported off the air · ● unknown · ◉ this license · ring = 50 miles · click a dot for the repeater's page
● confirmed on the air · ● probably · ● reported off the air · no dot = unknown (hover a dot for the evidence)
MilesCallNameOutputOffsetToneModeNetworksActivityLocation
7.0 KE8QFP Lindsey
KE8QFP BM
 439.0000 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 3196728 — Lindsey, OH
7.7 K8KXA Gibsonburg
K8KXA
 444.7625 +5 TONE 131.8 FM (analog) — Gibsonburg, OH
7.7 KF8EOY Oak Harbor
KF8EOY BM
 442.7750 +5 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) (DMR,FM,P25) BrandMeister 3219255 — Oak Harbor, OH
8.2 KI8CY Millbury
KI8CY
 442.4250 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Millbury, OH
8.5 K8VXH Oak Harbor
K8VXH
 147.0750 +0.6 TONE 100.0 FM (analog) — Oak Harbor, OH
8.5 K8VXH Oak Harbor
K8VXH
 442.2500 +5 TONE 100.0 FM (analog) — Oak Harbor, OH
8.5 WB8JLT Oak Harbor
WB8JLT
 443.8500 +5 TONE 186.2 FM (analog) — Oak Harbor, OH
9.1 W8MAL Oak Harbor
W8MAL BM
 442.7750 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 314441 — Oak Harbor, OH
13.7 N8UAS Oregon
N8UAS
 443.3000 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Oregon, OH
13.7 N8LPQ Toledo
N8LPQ
 443.9750 +5 Fusion (C4FM) — Toledo, OH
13.7 W8MTU Oregon
W8MTU
 444.9250 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Oregon, OH
14.0 W8NCK Fremont
W8NCK
 145.2500 -0.6 none FM (analog) — Fremont, OH
14.0 N8SCA Fremont SC Jail
N8SCA
 145.4900 -0.6 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Fremont, OH
14.0 KC8EPF Fremont
KC8EPF
 443.4500 +5 none FM (analog) — Fremont, OH
14.0 WJ8E Toledo
WJ8E WIRES-X
 442.9500 +5 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) WIRES-X 53185 — Toledo, OH
14.1 N8FIS Fremont
N8FIS BM
 443.0000 +5 CC7 DMR BrandMeister 313990 — Fremont, OH
15.2 N8SCA Fremont
N8SCA BM
 442.0625 +5 CC7 DMR BrandMeister 310487 — Fremont, OH
15.4 KB8OTP offline Rossford
KB8OTP BM
 441.5500 +5 CC12 DMR BrandMeister 311654 — Rossford, OH
15.8 N8LPQ Toledo
N8LPQ EchoLink
 444.9500 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) EchoLink 1 — Toledo, OH
15.9 N8LPQ Toledo
N8LPQ BM
 443.7750 +5 none D-STAR (DMR,DV,P25) BrandMeister 313457 — Toledo, OH
15.9 K8BWK Toledo Dtwn
K8BWK AllStar
 442.5500 +5 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) AllStar 594633 — Toledo, OH
16.0 W8HHF Toledo
W8HHF AllStar
 442.8500 +5 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) AllStar 49126 — Toledo, OH
16.4 N8LPQ Toledo
N8LPQ BM
 444.8500 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 313499 — Toledo, OH
16.7 N8LPQ Toledo
N8LPQ
 146.9400 -0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) — Toledo, OH
16.9 K8GWH Toledo
K8GWH BM
 439.0000 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 314365101 BrandMeister 314365103 — Toledo, OH
17.0 KB8YVY Toledo
KB8YVY
 444.6500 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 W8HHF Toledo Dtwn
W8HHF
 53.1100 -1 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 K8ALB Toledo
K8ALB
 146.6100 -0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 W8HHF Toledo
W8HHF WIRES-X
 146.8350 -0.6 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) WIRES-X 30401 — Toledo, OH
17.2 W8HHF Toledo U of T
W8HHF
 147.2700 +0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 WJ8E Toledo
WJ8E IRLP
 147.3450 +0.6 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) IRLP 8786 — Toledo, OH
17.2 W8RZM Toledo
W8RZM
 147.3750 +0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 KE8HCG Toledo
KE8HCG
 444.1625 +5 CC1 DMR — Toledo, OH
17.2 KD8QOF Toledo
KD8QOF
 444.2500 +5 none D-STAR — Toledo, OH
17.2 W8HHF Toledo
W8HHF
 927.0250 -25 TSQL 131.8 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 WJ8E Toledo
WJ8E
 1285.0000 -12 TSQL 131.8 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.2 WJ8E Toledo
WJ8E
 1287.0000 -12 none FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
17.5 W8ODR Perrysburg
W8ODR
 444.5125 +5 none D-STAR — Perrysburg, OH
18.2 WB8WEA Toledo
WB8WEA BSRS-Netw
 444.1625 +5 CC1 DMR BSRS-Network — Toledo, OH
18.2 N8EFJ Toledo
N8EFJ DCI
 444.8500 +5 CC1 DMR DCI — Toledo, OH
18.2 KD8KCF Toledo
KD8KCF DCI
 446.1250 -5 CC1 DMR DCI — Toledo, OH
18.2 K8XG Toledo
K8XG BM
 444.6500 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister — Toledo, OH
18.2 W8MTU Toledo
W8MTU BM
 444.0250 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 314681 — Toledo, OH
18.2 W8HHF Toledo
W8HHF
 442.7500 +5 none D-STAR — Toledo, OH
18.3 W8TER Maumee
W8TER
 444.7000 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Maumee, OH
18.8 WD8LEI Bowling Green
WD8LEI BM
 443.9125 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 313963 — Bowling Green, OH
19.2 W8WX Port Clinton
W8WX
 442.2000 +5 TONE 100.0 FM (analog) — Port Clinton, OH
19.3 W8HHF Toledo U of T
W8HHF
 224.1400 -1.6 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) — Toledo, OH
19.3 W8HHF Toledo U of T
W8HHF
 443.0875 +5 CC0 DMR — Toledo, OH
19.5 KD8BTI Bowling Green
KD8BTI
 146.7900 -0.6 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) — Bowling Green, OH
19.5 K8TIH Bowling Green
K8TIH
 147.1800 +0.6 TSQL 67.0 FM (analog) — Bowling Green, OH
19.5 K8TIH Bowling Green
K8TIH WIRES-X
 442.1250 +5 Fusion (C4FM) WIRES-X 30960 — Bowling Green, OH
19.5 KD8BTI Bowling Green
KD8BTI
 443.5125 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Bowling Green, OH
19.5 K8TIH Bowling Green
K8TIH
 444.4750 +5 TSQL 67.0 FM (analog) — Bowling Green, OH
19.5 WD8LEI Ohio
WD8LEI BM
 438.1500 in 431.1500 CC12 DMR BrandMeister 313987512 — , OH
21.1 no call listed Waterville
Ohio
 443.7500 +5 CC1 DMR — Waterville, OH
21.8 KC8CGR Clyde
KC8CGR
 145.3500 -0.6 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Clyde, OH
22.1 N8XLJ Waterville
N8XLJ BSRS-Netwo
 443.7500 +5 CC1 DMR BSRS-Network — Waterville, OH
22.1 WA8SRV Waterville
WA8SRV BSRS-Netw
 443.7500 +5 CC1 DMR BSRS-Network — Waterville, OH
22.2 W8PI Temperance
W8PI BM
 434.0000 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 312656201 — Temperance, MI
22.5 W8AK Holland
W8AK
 444.2750 +5 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Holland, OH
22.9 K8RPT Temperance
K8RPT
 444.5500 +5 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) — Temperance, MI
23.9 NW8Y Lambertville
NW8Y BM
 438.5500 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 3211712 — Lambertville, MI
25.1 KB8EOC Bascom
KB8EOC
 145.1500 -0.6 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Bascom, OH
25.1 KB8EOC Bascom
KB8EOC
 442.3000 +5 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Bascom, OH
26.5 N8XHZ Tiffin / EchoIRL
N8XHZ IRLP
 146.4500 simplex TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) IRLP 4597 — Tiffin / EchoIRLP #797685, OH
26.8 K8RPT Ida
K8RPT
 224.7800 -1.6 TONE 100.0 FM (analog) — Ida, MI
27.2 W8ID Tiffin Kiwanis
W8ID
 145.4500 -0.6 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Tiffin, OH
27.2 K8EMR Tiffin
K8EMR
 443.8000 +5 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Tiffin, OH
27.2 WJ8Y tiffin
WJ8Y
 444.8250 +5 CC1 DMR — tiffin, OH
27.3 W3BWW Tiffin
W3BWW BM
 444.8250 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 313967 — Tiffin, OH
28.7 KC8CGR Bellevue
KC8CGR
 442.6250 +5 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Bellevue, OH
29.3 KC8EPF New Riegel Futro
KC8EPF
 146.6850 -0.6 none FM (analog) — New Riegel, OH
29.4 W8YZ Monroe Dtwn
W8YZ EchoLink
 145.3100 -0.6 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) EchoLink 763241 WIRES-X 11836 — Monroe, MI
29.4 W8OTC Monroe Dtwn
W8OTC WIRES-X
 446.0750 -5 Fusion (C4FM) WIRES-X 11836 — Monroe, MI
29.9 W8LBZ Sandusky
W8LBZ AllStar
 223.9800 -1.6 TONE 131.8 FM (analog) AllStar 688670 — Sandusky, OH
30.0 KC8RCI Republic
KC8RCI
 147.2550 +0.6 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Republic, OH
30.0 KC8RCI Republic
KC8RCI
 444.4375 +5 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) — Republic, OH
30.7 N3VGX Swanton
N3VGX WIRES-X
 442.3625 +5 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) WIRES-X 18958 — Swanton, OH
31.0 KD8AVO Sandusky
KD8AVO BM
 444.7375 +5 CC7 DMR BrandMeister 312671 BrandMeister 313937 — Sandusky, OH
31.2 K8RPT Ida
K8RPT IRLP
 442.6500 +5 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) (DMR,FM) IRLP 4529 BrandMeister 314484 — Ida, MI
31.4 W8LBZ Sandusky SREL
W8LBZ
 146.6550 -0.6 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Sandusky, OH
31.4 W8LBZ Sandusky SREL
W8LBZ
 444.3750 +5 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Sandusky, OH
31.8 K8RPT Ida
K8RPT EchoLink
 146.7200 -0.6 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) EchoLink 220598 — Ida, MI
32.8 N3GPM Kelleys Island
N3GPM
 443.2750 +5 TONE 110.9 FM (analog) — Kelleys Island, OH
33.5 K8BMC Sandusky
K8BMC AllStar
 446.0500 simplex TONE 110.9 FM (analog) AllStar 29274 — Sandusky, OH
33.5 K8BMC Sandusky
K8BMC AllStar
 147.4050 simplex TONE 110.9 FM (analog) AllStar 29272 — Sandusky, OH
33.5 K8BMC Sandusky
K8BMC
 445.9250 simplex none D-STAR (DV,C4FM) — Sandusky, OH
33.5 K8BMC offline Sandusky
K8BMC IRLP
 146.5800 simplex TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) IRLP 3468 — Sandusky, OH
33.7 W8JES Findlay
W8JES AllStar
 443.4250 +5 TONE 91.5 FM (analog) AllStar 498690 — Findlay, OH
33.8 AA8KJ Findlay Ohio
AA8KJ BM
 439.6000 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 321655302 — Findlay, Ohio, EN81e, OH
33.9 K8KTO Findlay
K8KTO BM
 442.8000 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 314881 — Findlay, OH
34.2 AC5QL Findlay
AC5QL BM
 446.5000 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 321472801 — Findlay, OH
34.8 W8JES Findlay
W8JES AllStar
 147.2400 +0.6 TONE 91.5 FM (analog) AllStar 498691 — Findlay, OH
34.8 W8JES Findlay
W8JES AllStar
 445.4000 simplex TONE 91.5 FM (analog) AllStar 498693 — Findlay, OH
35.2 KN8CR Maybee
KN8CR BM
 444.5500 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 3128292 — Maybee, MI
35.3 N1OF Findlay
N1OF
 927.0125 -25 TSQL 146.2 P25 — Findlay, OH
35.7 K8RPT Dundee
K8RPT BM
 442.8250 +5 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) (DMR,FM) BrandMeister 313549 — Dundee, MI
35.8 W8FT Findlay
W8FT
 147.1500 +0.6 TSQL 88.5 FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) — Findlay, OH
35.8 W8FT Findlay
W8FT BM
 443.7000 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 313981 — Findlay, OH
35.8 W8FT Findlay
W8FT WIRES-X
 444.1500 +5 TONE 88.5 FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) WIRES-X 30531 — Findlay, OH
35.9 KE8VOD Findlay Ohio
KE8VOD BM
 441.6500 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 319596501 — Findlay, Ohio, EN81e, OH
36.2 KD8JDR offline Delta
KD8JDR BM
 443.6000 +5 CC12 DMR BrandMeister 314371 — Delta, OH
36.3 K8LI Delta
K8LI
 147.2850 +0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Delta, OH
36.3 K8LI Delta
K8LI
 444.4500 +5 TONE 103.5 FM (analog) — Delta, OH
36.4 KC8QYH Deshler
KC8QYH
 444.9375 +5 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Deshler, OH
36.5 K8UH South Rockwood
K8UH BM
 446.4250 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 312606802 — South Rockwood, MI
37.0 N8PC offline Findlay
N8PC AllStar
 147.0450 +0.6 TSQL 100.0 FM (analog) (DMR,FM) AllStar 457430 EchoLink 275408 AllStar 457431 AllStar 457433 TGIF BrandMeister 313578 — Findlay, OH
37.2 KE8ITJ Delta
KE8ITJ BM
 433.0000 -0.6 CC2 DMR BrandMeister 312067 — Delta, OH
37.9 N8PC offline Findlay
N8PC TGIF
 442.8750 +5 CC1 DMR TGIF — Findlay, OH
41.3 AC8AP Willard
AC8AP
 146.8650 -0.6 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Willard, OH
42.8 K8TII Napoleon
K8TII
 147.2250 +0.6 none FM (analog) — Napoleon, OH
42.8 K8TII Napoleon
K8TII
 147.3150 +0.6 none FM (analog) — Napoleon, OH
43.1 KB8MDF Wauseon
KB8MDF
 53.4100 -0.5 none FM (analog) — Wauseon, OH
43.1 K8BXQ Wauseon
K8BXQ
 147.1950 +0.6 TSQL 103.5 FM (analog) — Wauseon, OH
43.3 W8ATE Britton
W8ATE BM
 444.0500 +5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 311013 — Britton, MI
43.8 K8JTT Brownstown
K8JTT AllStar
 147.3500 simplex none FM (analog) (C4FM,FM) WIRES-X 72370 AllStar 61682 — Brownstown, MI
44.0 KA8VDW Berlin Heights
KA8VDW
 53.2900 -1 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Berlin Heights, OH
44.0 WB8LLY Berlin Hts
WB8LLY
 146.8050 -0.6 TSQL 110.9 FM (analog) — Berlin Hts, OH
44.6 N8ZPJ Grosse Ile
N8ZPJ
 444.9000 +5 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Grosse Ile, MI
44.7 KD8AVO Berlin Heights
KD8AVO BM
 443.5750 +5 CC7 DMR BrandMeister 313936 — Berlin Heights, OH
44.7 KA8VDW Berlin Heights
KA8VDW AllStar
 442.6750 +5 TONE 162.2 FM (analog) AllStar 685880 — Berlin Heights, OH
44.8 KA8VDW Huron
KA8VDW AllStar
 147.2250 +0.6 TONE 192.8 FM (analog) AllStar 685881 — Huron, OH
45.0 W2PUT Milan
W2PUT AllStar
 146.5000 +1 TSQL 88.5 FM (analog) EchoLink 110975 AllStar 453433 — Milan, MI
45.0 W2PUT Milan
W2PUT Mi5
 443.1125 +5 CC1 DMR Mi5 — Milan, MI
45.0 W2PUT Milan
W2PUT AllStar
 444.1000 +5 TSQL 82.5 FM (analog) AllStar 453434 IRLP 4428 — Milan, MI
46.2 KE8PX Upper Sandusky
KE8PX
 147.2100 +0.6 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Upper Sandusky, OH
46.2 W8QTE Adrian
W8QTE
 145.3700 -0.6 TSQL 85.4 FM (analog) — Adrian, MI
46.4 WD8QVY New Boston
WD8QVY AllStar
 52.6000 -0.5 TONE 146.2 FM (analog) AllStar 681730 AllStar 681732 — New Boston, MI
46.7 W8TQE Adrian
W8TQE
 145.3700 -0.6 TONE 85.4 FM (analog) — Adrian, MI
46.7 K8ADM Adrian
K8ADM
 443.3750 +5 TONE 107.2 FM (analog) — Adrian, MI
47.4 W8LBT Riverview
W8LBT BM
 438.4500 in 430.4500 CC3 DMR BrandMeister 3168699 — Riverview, MI
47.4 KC8LTS Riverview
KC8LTS
 927.4875 -25 TSQL 131.8 FM (analog) (FM,P25) — Riverview, MI
48.2 K8JAD offline Tecumseh
K8JAD
 432.5000 simplex CC? DMR — Tecumseh, MI
48.6 VE3SOT McGregor
VE3SOT
 1282.5000 -20 none FM (analog) — McGregor, ON
48.6 VE3RRR McGregor
VE3RRR
 145.4700 -0.6 TONE 118.8 FM (analog) — McGregor, ON
48.6 VE3RRR McGregor
VE3RRR
 224.7000 -1.6 TONE 118.8 FM (analog) — McGregor, ON
48.6 VE3RRR McGregor Windsor
VE3RRR
 444.3000 +5 CC7 DMR — McGregor, ON
49.1 VE3III Windsor
VE3III IRLP
 147.0600 +0.6 TONE 118.8 FM (analog) IRLP 2202 — Windsor, ON
49.3 N8NSM Augusta Twp
N8NSM BM
 438.3500 -5 CC1 DMR BrandMeister 3173703 — Augusta Twp, MI
49.9 W8ZRZ offline Ottawa
W8ZRZ
 443.8875 +5 TSQL 107.2 FM (analog) (FM,C4FM) — Ottawa, OH